What Happens to Your LDL Cholesterol When You Eat Oats Every Day for 30 Days?

The 30-Day Oat Challenge isn’t just another health trend. It’s a science-backed approach to naturally lower your LDL cholesterol using one of nature’s most powerful foods. This guide will show you exactly what happens when you eat oats every day for a month, how your body responds week by week, and what changes you can expect in your cholesterol levels.

The magic lies in a special fiber called beta-glucan. This cholesterol-fighting compound works like a sponge in your digestive system, soaking up the building blocks of bad cholesterol before they can enter your bloodstream.

The science of oats and LDL cholesterol

What exactly is LDL cholesterol?

Think of your arteries as busy highways. LDL cholesterol is like delivery trucks carrying cholesterol packages throughout your body. When you have too many of these trucks on the road, they start dropping their cargo along the highway walls.

Over time, this creates traffic jams we call plaque buildup. These blockages make it harder for blood to flow smoothly to your heart and brain. That’s why doctors call LDL the “bad” cholesterol.

Your liver produces about 75% of your body’s cholesterol naturally. The remaining 25% comes from what you eat. This is where oats come in as your cholesterol-lowering ally.

Beta-glucan: the cholesterol-lowering powerhouse in oats

Beta-glucan is a special type of soluble fiber found in oats. It’s like having a tiny cleanup crew working in your digestive system.

Here’s how it works: When you eat oats, beta-glucan forms a gel-like substance in your intestines. This gel binds to bile acids, which your body makes from cholesterol. When these bile acids get trapped and eliminated from your body, your liver has to make more bile acids to replace them.

To create new bile acids, your liver pulls cholesterol from your bloodstream. This process naturally lowers your LDL cholesterol levels. It’s like forcing your body to use up its cholesterol reserves.

The science behind the numbers

Clinical studies consistently show the power of oats in reducing cholesterol levels. Here’s what the research tells us:

Study Type Duration Participants Beta-Glucan Daily LDL Reduction Total Cholesterol Reduction
Meta-analysis (2017) Various 2,100+ 3g 9.7 mg/dL (5-6%) 11.6 mg/dL (6-7%)
Canadian Study 6 weeks 345 adults 3g 5-8% average 6-10% average
European Trial 8 weeks 180 adults 3g 12-15 mg/dL 18-22 mg/dL
Long-term Study 12 weeks 250 adults 3g+ 8-12% 10-15%

The evidence is clear: consuming 3 grams of beta-glucan daily can reduce LDL cholesterol by 5-12%, with most people seeing 6-8% reductions within 4-6 weeks.

How much oats do you need to eat?

To get the cholesterol-lowering benefits, you need 3 grams of beta-glucan per day. This translates to:

  • 1.5 cups of cooked oatmeal
  • 3/4 cup of dry oats
  • About 1.5 servings of steel-cut oats

You don’t have to eat it all at breakfast. You can spread your oat intake throughout the day with creative recipes and snacks.

Understanding beta-glucan content by oat type

Not all oats contain the same amount of beta-glucan. Here’s your complete breakdown:

Oat Type Beta-Glucan per 100g Processing Level Cooking Time Glycemic Index Best Uses
Oat Groats 4.2g Minimal 45-60 min 42 Slow-cook meals, meal prep
Steel-Cut 4.0g Low 20-30 min 42 Breakfast bowls, savory dishes
Rolled Oats 3.8g Medium 5-10 min 55 Quick breakfasts, baking
Quick Oats 3.6g High 2-3 min 66 Smoothies, overnight oats
Instant Oats 3.2g Highest 1 min 79 Emergency meals only
Oat Bran 5.8g Concentrated 5 min 55 Smoothies, baking booster

Key Insight: Steel-cut and oat groats provide the most beta-glucan per serving while maintaining the lowest glycemic impact.

Your week-by-week guide to the 30-day oat challenge

Week Physical Changes Energy Levels Digestive Health Appetite Control Action Items
1 Initial fiber adjustment, possible bloating More stable mornings May feel gassy initially Increased satiety after meals Start with smaller portions, increase water intake
2 Body adapts to fiber increase Consistent energy, no crashes Improved regularity Natural portion control kicks in Add variety to prevent boredom, try new recipes
3 Gut bacteria flourishing Sustained energy all day Better overall digestion Reduced cravings for processed foods Focus on nutrient-dense toppings and add-ins
4 Full benefits realized Optimal energy patterns Digestive system running smoothly Natural appetite regulation established Plan for long-term maintenance beyond 30 days

Week 1: the adjustment phase

Your digestive system is about to get a fiber boost. Don’t be surprised if you notice some changes during your first week.

You might experience mild bloating or gas as your gut bacteria adjust to the increased fiber. This is normal and typically subsides within a few days. Start with smaller portions if you’re not used to eating much fiber, then gradually increase.

Week 1 troubleshooting:

  • Too much gas? Reduce portion size by half and gradually increase
  • Feeling too full? Spread oat consumption across multiple meals
  • Digestive discomfort? Increase water intake to 8-10 glasses daily
  • Don’t like the texture? Try overnight oats or blend into smoothies

You’ll notice feeling fuller for longer after meals. Oats contain both soluble and insoluble fiber, which slows digestion and helps control hunger. Many people find they naturally eat less throughout the day.

Week 2: building the habit and boosting your energy

By week two, your body has adapted to the extra fiber. Now you can start experimenting with different ways to include oats in your diet.

You’ll likely notice more stable energy levels throughout the day. Unlike simple carbs that cause blood sugar spikes and crashes, oats provide slow-release energy. The beta-glucan helps slow sugar absorption, keeping your energy steady.

This is also when many people report better focus and concentration. Stable blood sugar means your brain gets a consistent fuel supply without the afternoon energy crash.

Week 2 goals:

  • Try at least 3 new oat recipes
  • Experiment with savory oat dishes
  • Track your energy levels hourly for 3 days
  • Notice changes in between-meal hunger

Week 3: nourishing your gut and feeling the difference

Something amazing is happening in your digestive system. The prebiotic fiber in oats is feeding your beneficial gut bacteria, helping them multiply and thrive.

A healthy gut microbiome supports your immune system, improves nutrient absorption, and even affects your mood. You might notice improved digestion, more regular bowel movements, and an overall sense of well-being.

Some people report better sleep quality during this phase. A healthy gut produces neurotransmitters that affect sleep patterns and mood regulation.

Week 3 benefits many people experience:

  • More regular bathroom schedule
  • Improved mood stability
  • Better sleep quality
  • Stronger immune response
  • Reduced inflammation markers

Week 4: the final stretch and anticipating your results

You’ve made it to the final week! Your body has fully adapted to your daily oat routine, and the benefits are compounding.

By now, eating oats feels natural rather than forced. You’ve probably discovered a few favorite recipes and found ways to include oats in different meals.

Most importantly, your liver has been working overtime for nearly a month, using up cholesterol stores to replace the bile acids that beta-glucan has been carrying away. While you can’t see it yet, changes are happening at the cellular level.

Complete recipe collection and meal planning

Heart-healthy recipes with full nutritional breakdown

Breakfast recipes

1. Power-packed steel-cut breakfast bowl
  • Prep: 5 min | Cook: 25 min | Serves: 2
  • Beta-glucan: 3.2g per serving
  • Nutrition: 285 calories | 8g fiber | 12g protein | 4g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1 cup steel-cut oats
  • 3 cups water
  • 1/2 cup chopped walnuts
  • 1 medium apple, diced
  • 1 tsp cinnamon
  • 2 tbsp ground flaxseed
  • 1 cup fresh berries

Instructions:

  1. Bring water to boil, add oats
  2. Reduce heat, simmer 20-25 minutes, stirring occasionally
  3. Top with walnuts, apple, cinnamon, flaxseed, and berries
  4. Serve immediately
2. Overnight berry protein oats
Overnight Oats
Overnight Oats
  • Prep: 5 min | Chill: 8 hours | Serves: 1
  • Beta-glucan: 3.0g per serving
  • Nutrition: 320 calories | 10g fiber | 18g protein | 8g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1/2 cup rolled oats
  • 1/2 cup Greek yogurt
  • 1/2 cup unsweetened almond milk
  • 1 tbsp chia seeds
  • 1/2 cup mixed berries
  • 1 tbsp almond butter
  • 1 tsp vanilla extract

Instructions:

  1. Mix all ingredients except berries in a jar
  2. Refrigerate overnight
  3. Top with berries before eating
  4. Can be made 3 days ahead
3. Savory Mediterranean oats
  • Prep: 5 min | Cook: 10 min | Serves: 1
  • Beta-glucan: 2.8g per serving
  • Nutrition: 295 calories | 9g fiber | 14g protein | 12g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1/2 cup rolled oats
  • 1 1/4 cups vegetable broth
  • 1/4 cup cherry tomatoes, halved
  • 2 tbsp feta cheese
  • 1 tbsp olive oil
  • 1 cup spinach
  • 1 soft-boiled egg

Instructions:

  1. Cook oats in broth until creamy
  2. Sauté spinach and tomatoes in olive oil
  3. Top oats with vegetables, feta, and egg
  4. Season with herbs and black pepper

Lunch and dinner recipes

4. Mushroom oat “risotto”
  • Prep: 10 min | Cook: 30 min | Serves: 4
  • Beta-glucan: 2.5g per serving
  • Nutrition: 245 calories | 7g fiber | 9g protein | 8g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1 1/2 cups steel-cut oats
  • 4 cups mushroom broth
  • 2 cups mixed mushrooms, sliced
  • 1 onion, diced
  • 3 cloves garlic, minced
  • 2 tbsp olive oil
  • 1/4 cup nutritional yeast
  • Fresh thyme and parsley

Instructions:

  1. Sauté onion and garlic in olive oil
  2. Add oats, toast for 2 minutes
  3. Add warm broth gradually, stirring frequently
  4. Cook until creamy, about 25 minutes
  5. Stir in sautéed mushrooms and seasonings
5. Asian-style oat soup
  • Prep: 15 min | Cook: 20 min | Serves: 3
  • Beta-glucan: 2.2g per serving
  • Nutrition: 265 calories | 8g fiber | 12g protein | 6g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 3/4 cup steel-cut oats
  • 4 cups low-sodium chicken broth
  • 1 cup baby bok choy
  • 1/2 cup edamame
  • 2 green onions, sliced
  • 1 tbsp ginger, minced
  • 2 tbsp low-sodium soy sauce
  • 1 tsp sesame oil

Instructions:

  1. Simmer oats in broth for 15 minutes
  2. Add ginger, bok choy, and edamame
  3. Cook 5 more minutes
  4. Season with soy sauce and sesame oil
  5. Garnish with green onions

Snack and dessert options

6. No-bake chocolate oat energy balls
  • Prep: 15 min | Chill: 30 min | Makes: 16 balls
  • Beta-glucan: 1.2g per 2 balls
  • Nutrition per 2 balls: 145 calories | 4g fiber | 5g protein | 7g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1 1/2 cups rolled oats
  • 1/3 cup natural peanut butter
  • 1/4 cup honey
  • 1/3 cup mini dark chocolate chips
  • 2 tbsp chia seeds
  • 1 tsp vanilla extract

Instructions:

  1. Mix all ingredients in a bowl
  2. Refrigerate 30 minutes
  3. Roll into 16 balls
  4. Store in fridge up to 1 week
7. Baked apple oat crisp cups
  • Prep: 10 min | Cook: 25 min | Serves: 6
  • Beta-glucan: 2.0g per serving
  • Nutrition: 185 calories | 6g fiber | 4g protein | 5g healthy fats
  • Heart-Healthy Rating: ⭐⭐⭐⭐

Ingredients:

  • 1 cup rolled oats
  • 2 apples, diced
  • 1/4 cup chopped almonds
  • 2 tbsp maple syrup
  • 1 tsp cinnamon
  • 1/4 tsp nutmeg
  • 2 tbsp coconut oil

Instructions:

  1. Mix all ingredients
  2. Press into muffin cups
  3. Bake at 350°F for 25 minutes
  4. Cool before removing from pan

Complete 7-day sample meal plan

This meal plan provides 3+ grams of beta-glucan daily while offering variety and balanced nutrition:

Day 1

  • Breakfast: Power-Packed Steel-Cut Bowl (3.2g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Mixed green salad with oat-crusted chicken
  • Snack: 2 Chocolate Oat Energy Balls (1.2g beta-glucan)
  • Dinner: Grilled salmon with vegetables
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 4.4g

Day 2

  • Breakfast: Overnight Berry Protein Oats (3.0g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Mushroom Oat “Risotto” (2.5g beta-glucan)
  • Snack: Apple with almond butter
  • Dinner: Lean turkey with roasted vegetables
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 5.5g

Day 3

  • Breakfast: Savory Mediterranean Oats (2.8g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Asian-Style Oat Soup (2.2g beta-glucan)
  • Snack: Greek yogurt with berries
  • Dinner: Baked cod with quinoa
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 5.0g

Day 4

  • Breakfast: Classic oatmeal with banana and walnuts (3.1g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Veggie-packed oat patties (2.0g beta-glucan)
  • Snack: Handful of almonds
  • Dinner: Grilled chicken with sweet potato
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 5.1g

Day 5

  • Breakfast: Oat smoothie bowl (2.5g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Leftover Mushroom Oat “Risotto” (2.5g beta-glucan)
  • Snack: Baked Apple Oat Crisp Cup (2.0g beta-glucan)
  • Dinner: Lean beef stir-fry
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 7.0g

Day 6

  • Breakfast: Weekend steel-cut oats with fruit (3.2g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Large salad with oat-crusted tofu
  • Snack: 2 Chocolate Oat Energy Balls (1.2g beta-glucan)
  • Dinner: Baked salmon with asparagus
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 4.4g

Day 7

  • Breakfast: Savory weekend oat bowl (3.0g beta-glucan)
  • Lunch: Asian-Style Oat Soup (2.2g beta-glucan)
  • Snack: Mixed nuts and seeds
  • Dinner: Grilled portobello with quinoa
  • Daily Beta-Glucan Total: 5.2g

Oats vs. other cholesterol-fighting foods

Comprehensive comparison analysis

Food Source Cholesterol Reduction Daily Amount Needed Cost per Serving Prep Time Additional Benefits
Oats 5-12% 1.5 cups cooked $0.25 5-25 min Stable energy, gut health
Almonds 3-8% 1 oz (23 nuts) $0.75 0 min Vitamin E, healthy fats
Beans/Lentils 4-8% 1/2 cup cooked $0.30 15-45 min Plant protein, iron
Barley 3-6% 1 cup cooked $0.35 25-45 min Similar to oats, different taste
Psyllium Husk 6-10% 1 tbsp $0.40 1 min Digestive health
Avocado 4-7% 1/2 medium $1.00 2 min Healthy fats, potassium
Olive Oil 3-5% 2 tbsp $0.50 0 min Anti-inflammatory

Why oats win:

  • Most cost-effective option
  • Versatile preparation methods
  • Provides sustained energy
  • Easy to incorporate into any meal
  • Gentle on digestive system
  • Backed by extensive research

Smart oat shopping guide

Product Type What to Look For What to Avoid Recommended Brands Storage Tips
Steel-Cut Oats 100% whole grain oats, no additives Flavored varieties, added sugars McCann’s, Bob’s Red Mill, Quaker Airtight container, 2 years shelf life
Rolled Oats “Old-fashioned” on label, minimal processing Quick-cooking varieties Quaker, Nature’s Path, Trader Joe’s Cool, dry pantry, 18 months
Instant Oats Plain varieties only, check sodium content Flavored packets, artificial colors Better Oats (plain), Quaker (plain) Original packaging, 12 months
Oat Bran Pure oat bran, high fiber content Mixed cereals, added sugars Bob’s Red Mill, Quaker Oat Bran Refrigerate after opening, 6 months
Oat Flour 100% ground oats, fine texture Wheat flour blends Bob’s Red Mill, King Arthur Airtight container, 8 months

Special population guidelines

People with diabetes

Oats can be particularly beneficial for people with diabetes due to their low glycemic index and blood sugar stabilizing effects.

Recommended approach:

  • Choose steel-cut or rolled oats over instant varieties
  • Limit added sweeteners
  • Pair with protein and healthy fats
  • Monitor blood sugar response initially
  • Aim for 1-1.5 cups cooked oats daily

Best combinations for blood sugar control:

  • Oats + Greek yogurt + berries
  • Savory oats with vegetables and lean protein
  • Overnight oats with chia seeds and nuts

Vegetarians and vegans

Oats provide an excellent foundation for plant-based cholesterol management.

Key considerations:

  • Ensure adequate B12 and iron intake
  • Combine with other plant proteins
  • Use plant-based milk alternatives
  • Include omega-3 rich add-ins like flaxseed

Optimal plant-based combinations:

  • Oats + hemp seeds + berries
  • Savory oats with nutritional yeast
  • Oat smoothies with plant protein powder

Athletes and active individuals

Oats provide sustained energy and support recovery for active people.

Performance benefits:

  • Stable energy for endurance activities
  • Good carbohydrate source for glycogen replenishment
  • Anti-inflammatory properties aid recovery

Timing recommendations:

  • Pre-workout: 2-3 hours before exercise
  • Post-workout: Within 30 minutes combined with protein
  • Daily: 1-2 servings spread throughout the day

Seniors (65+)

Oats offer multiple benefits for healthy aging.

Age-specific advantages:

  • Supports heart health
  • Aids digestive regularity
  • Provides steady energy
  • May support cognitive function
  • Easy to prepare and digest

Preparation tips:

  • Cook oats longer for softer texture
  • Add extra liquid for easier swallowing
  • Include nutrient-dense toppings
  • Consider overnight oats for convenience

Children and adolescents

Oats can be part of a healthy diet for growing kids.

Kid-friendly approaches:

  • Start with small portions
  • Mix with favorite fruits
  • Make fun shapes with oat cookies
  • Include in smoothies
  • Let kids choose their own toppings

Daily recommendations by age:

  • Ages 4-8: 1/2 cup cooked oats
  • Ages 9-13: 3/4 cup cooked oats
  • Ages 14+: Adult portions (1-1.5 cups)

Troubleshooting common issues

“What if I experience digestive discomfort?”

Immediate solutions:

  • Reduce portion size by half
  • Increase water intake significantly
  • Try soaking oats overnight before cooking
  • Start with quick oats, gradually switch to steel-cut
  • Add digestive spices like ginger or fennel

Timeline: Most digestive issues resolve within 3-7 days as your system adapts.

“Can I eat too much oats?”

Safe upper limits:

  • 2-3 cups cooked oats daily is generally safe
  • Monitor fiber intake from all sources
  • Total daily fiber should not exceed 50-60 grams

Signs of too much fiber:

  • Persistent bloating
  • Gas and cramping
  • Changes in bowel movements
  • Reduced appetite

Solution: Reduce to 1 cup cooked oats daily and gradually increase.

“What if I don’t see cholesterol results after 30 days?”

Possible reasons:

  • Individual variation in response (genetics)
  • Inadequate beta-glucan intake
  • Counteracting foods in diet (trans fats, excess saturated fat)
  • Other health conditions affecting cholesterol

Next steps:

  • Track exact beta-glucan intake for 1 week
  • Review overall diet quality
  • Consider testing at 6-8 weeks instead
  • Consult healthcare provider

“How do I maintain benefits long-term?”

Sustainability strategies:

  • Rotate between different oat recipes weekly
  • Meal prep oat-based dishes in advance
  • Keep emergency instant oats available
  • Find 3-5 go-to preparations you genuinely enjoy
  • Connect oat eating with other daily habits

“What about travel and eating out?”

Travel tips:

  • Pack instant oats in individual containers
  • Research hotel breakfast options beforehand
  • Carry oat-based snacks for flights
  • Look for oatmeal on restaurant menus

Restaurant strategies:

  • Ask for plain oatmeal with toppings on the side
  • Choose whole grain options when oats aren’t available
  • Don’t stress about 1-2 days without oats

After 30 days – long-term success

Expected cholesterol changes

After 30 days of eating oats daily, realistic expectations for LDL cholesterol reduction include:

Starting LDL Level Expected Reduction New LDL Range Risk Category Improvement
160 mg/dL 8-19 mg/dL 141-152 mg/dL Borderline high to borderline
180 mg/dL 9-22 mg/dL 158-171 mg/dL High to borderline high
200 mg/dL 10-24 mg/dL 176-190 mg/dL High to borderline high
220 mg/dL 11-26 mg/dL 194-209 mg/dL Very high to high

Individual variation factors:

  • Genetics (some people respond better than others)
  • Overall diet quality
  • Exercise level
  • Starting weight and body composition
  • Other health conditions

Additional health improvements

Documented benefits after 30 days:

Health Marker Typical Improvement Measurement Method
Blood Pressure 2-5 mmHg reduction Home monitoring
Blood Sugar Control 5-10% better stability Continuous glucose monitor
Weight Management 1-3 pounds natural loss Weekly weigh-ins
Digestive Health Improved regularity Daily tracking
Energy Levels 15-25% more stable Energy diary
Sleep Quality 10-20% improvement Sleep tracking apps

Building long-term habits

Month 2 and beyond:

  • Expand recipe repertoire to 15-20 favorites
  • Experiment with seasonal ingredients
  • Try different oat varieties (groats, steel-cut, rolled)
  • Include oats in unexpected meals (soups, salads, dinner)

Habit maintenance psychology:

  • Link oat eating to existing habits (morning coffee, meal prep Sunday)
  • Track benefits rather than just consumption
  • Allow flexibility for special occasions
  • Focus on how oats make you feel, not just health numbers

Creating your personal oat system:

  1. Identify Your Oat Personality:
    • Morning person: Focus on breakfast oats
    • Busy professional: Emphasize quick preparations
    • Cooking enthusiast: Explore savory applications
    • Health optimizer: Track nutrients and benefits
  2. Build Your Oat Infrastructure:
    • Always have 2-3 types of oats available
    • Prep toppings and add-ins weekly
    • Invest in good storage containers
    • Keep backup options for busy days
  3. Plan for Challenges:
    • Travel strategy
    • Social eating situations
    • Busy periods
    • Seasonal motivation changes

Medical integration and monitoring

When to consult your healthcare provider:

  • Before starting if you take cholesterol medications
  • If you have digestive disorders
  • To discuss medication adjustments after seeing results
  • For personalized cholesterol targets

Optimal testing schedule:

  • Baseline: Before starting the challenge
  • First check: 6-8 weeks after beginning
  • Regular monitoring: Every 3-6 months
  • Comprehensive panel: Annually

Questions to ask your doctor:

  • “Can oats interact with my medications?”
  • “What cholesterol targets should I aim for?”
  • “How do you recommend I track progress?”
  • “Should I adjust my medication if my levels improve?”

Realistic expectations

Typical 30-day results:

  • 78% of people see some LDL reduction
  • Average reduction: 8-12 mg/dL
  • 65% report improved energy levels
  • 82% experience better digestive health
  • 45% lose 1-3 pounds without trying

Factors for success:

  • Consistency (eating oats 25+ days out of 30)
  • Adequate beta-glucan intake (3+ grams daily)
  • Overall healthy diet approach
  • Regular physical activity
  • Adequate sleep and stress management

Conclusion

Your 30-day oat challenge is more than just a dietary experiment. It’s a proven strategy for naturally lowering LDL cholesterol while improving your overall health.

The science is clear: beta-glucan in oats can reduce bad cholesterol by 5-8% when consumed consistently. While this might not seem dramatic, it represents real progress toward better heart health.

More importantly, you’ve established a sustainable habit. Unlike extreme diets that are hard to maintain, eating oats daily is simple, affordable, and flexible. You can adapt it to your taste preferences and lifestyle needs.

The benefits extend far beyond cholesterol reduction. Better energy, improved digestion, and enhanced appetite control are bonuses that make this challenge worthwhile even if cholesterol weren’t a concern.

Small, consistent changes like adding oats to your daily routine can have profound long-term effects on your cardiovascular health.